BRAIN INJURY

BRAIN INJURY

Causes of cerebral damage

Cerebral damage is a common clinical manifestation in physical therapy and rehabilitation clinics in recent years. The most common cause of traumatic cerebral injury is traffic accidents. Depending on the reasons such as high falls, work accidents, beatings, firearm injuries, the brain damage table can come into play. Patients after their processes in neurorehabilitation – robotic rehabilitation centers, physiotherapy rehabilitation clinics, neurosurgery, neurology clinics, and acute intensive care should be treated with an intensive physiotherapy program in the early period.

Cerebral damage is more common in men aged 15-25. The most common causes of brain damage according to age groups are; Accidental injuries under 1 year of age, falls in childhood, sports injuries in young people, vehicle accidents in adults and falls in old age. Men are more exposed to head trauma than women.

Traumatic cerebral injury; Causing brain cognitive and physical impairments in the person’s brain, leading to disorders in thinking, perception, speech, swallowing and paralysis in limbs.

Symptoms of cerebral damage

There is a high risk of death in the acute phase of traumatic cerebral injury. Headache, loss of consciousness, nausea, motor and cognitive deficits are common according to severity of the trauma. This disease should be treated early in neurology and neurosurgery clinics after emergency intervention. The patient whose medical condition is stabilized should be immediately transferred to the physical therapy rehabilitation clinic. In this case, the specialized neurorehabilitation – robotic rehabilitation center, physical therapy rehabilitation clinics will be the best choice for the patient.

Depression, emotional and behavioral changes and anxiety are frequently observed in patients with cerebral injury in the following period. Physical and mental functions involving daily routine activities such as learning, comprehension, memory, perception, attention, problem solving, reasoning, communication, movement, personal care and social behaviors may also be impaired in patients with cerebral injury. Partial or complete paralysis, involuntary contractions – spasticity, balance and coordination disturbances – frequent falls, swallowing difficulty can make a person dependent. Traumatic cerebral injury may result in personality changes, aggression, violence and loss of control. The symptoms may vary according to many factors such as the severity of the injury, the affected brain region, organ injury other than brain tissue, and personality traits.

Studies have shown that neurological recovery after cerebral injury is greatest within the first 6 months. Recovery after brain injury continues for 2 years. In this process, comprehensive physical therapy and rehabilitation will maximize the gains. Although recovery in cerebral damage may be rapid for the first 2 years, these patients may develop healing potential in each period. Even people with persistent cognitive and physical impairments can develop skills again.

Treatment of cerebral damage

Nowadays, deaths due to traumatic cerebral injury are decreasing, and physical therapy rehabilitation (robotic rehabilitation – neuro rehabilitation) and quality of life solutions of patients are becoming a priority due to the increase in survival rate. The purpose of physical therapy rehabilitation in traumatic cerebral injury is to improve function, to treat it to walk if it is paralyzed, to provide the patient with the highest possible level of independence, and to prevent complications (other health problems that may be caused by the disease). The diversity of the findings leads to long-term treatment.

In traumatic cerebral injury, the patient’s neurorehabilitation process should be initiated as soon as possible. Physical therapy and rehabilitation programs are planned in accordance with the present findings and functional levels of the patients to include; Mobilization on bed, sitting, sit – in balance training, hand – arm use, out – of – bed and transfer activities, upstanding, standing balance training, walking, and stair climbing activities. In addition to classical rehabilitation methods, contribution of robotic rehabilitation applications to the patients with cerebral damage is also great. Botox injections to reduce the involuntary contractions of patients – spasticity, and orthosis planning to support functional states should also be performed.

Computer – assisted balance training, walking training with robotic rehabilitation, robotic hand/arm training, hand skill training, occupational therapy, speech – swallowing therapy are other neurorehabilitation methods commonly used in cerebral damaged patients.

The best treatment after traumatic cerebral injury can be provided in neurorehabilitation – robotic rehabilitation centers in physical therapy rehabilitation clinics focused on the subject.