STRABISMUS SURGERY

STRABISMUS SURGERY

What is strabismus?

Strabismus is an eye disorder in which the synchrony of the eyes is impaired and the coordination of eye movements is impaired. In strabismus, one looks straight while the other, the other looks outward, inside or upwards. This shift may be permanent or may occur from time to time. In strabismus, sometimes one eye and sometimes both eyes can be affected. Strabismus is a discomfort that is noticeable in childhood but may also occur during adulthood. It is necessary to consider strabismus not only as an aesthetic problem because visual disturbances may be accompanied later in strabismus. There may be a lack of vision at a later age. If it is suspected of strabismus, it is beneficial to take eye examinations at regular intervals even if there is no visual problem in children. Strabismus is seen equally in men and women. Strabismus varieties can be classified as congenital strabismus, later strabismus, and latent strabismus. In a latent strabismus while the eyes are normally looking in the same direction when one of the eyes is closed strabismus shows up.

Reasons for strabismus?

The reason for the strabismus is unknown. There are six muscles around each eye that control eye movements. These muscles are responsible for the eye movements and these movements are controlled by the brain. All muscles must work together and in harmony so that their eyes can focus on a specific target in the same direction. Strabismus develops if there is weakness or excessive force in any of these muscles. Strabismus can be seen with problematic birth, problematic pregnancy period, and inflammatory diseases during childhood, trauma affecting children deeply, brain tumors, some genetic diseases and oxygen deficiency of babies during birth.

What are the symptoms of strabismus?

The indications of strabismus might be the loss of synchrony of the eyes, blurred vision, double vision, watering in the eyes, eye pain, and headache. Amblyopia can develop in strabismus which arose in childhood. Strabismus and amblyopia should be detected and treated at an early stage.

Diagnosis of Strabismus

The diagnosis of strabismus is made by a special examination by an eye doctor and various tests. Eye examination should be performed until the age of four for all children in order to avoid delayed diagnosis and treatment of strabismus.

Strabismus Treatment

Strabismus, which causes amblyopia in childhood and causes aesthetic problems in adult age, is treated by non-operative methods or by surgery.

Nonsurgical treatment methods in strabismus

Visual defects that are not corrected by the glasses can sometimes cause strabismus. This type of strabismus might be fixed by treating the visual defect by glasses or contact lenses. Prismatic glasses may be helpful in correcting minor strabismus. Especially if the amblyopia has been developed in children, it is necessary to close the other eye with an eye-patch to force the lazy eye to work. Botulinum toxin injections may be beneficial if strabismus is due to excessive contraction of the muscles around the eye.

Strabotomy

Strabotomy is the most commonly used treatment method in all age groups. By strabotomy muscles work more or less than needed are normalized. Strabotomy is performed to correct aesthetic impairment, to reduce double vision, to use the eyes together, and to reduce the pain in the eyes.

In strabismus surgery, the eye ball is not removed from the spot. To reach the eye muscles, a small incision is made on the white patch covering the eye and the surgery is performed on the problematic eye muscles. Strabotomy can be performed on one or both eyes.

Congenital strabismus should be corrected by surgery between 6 and 12 months. Most of the later developed strabismus occurs around 2-3 years old and usually improves with glasses. Surgery is necessary if the strabismus does not improve with glasses. In children, strabismus surgery is performed with general anesthesia. In adults, it can be done with local anesthesia. If children are considering strabismus surgery, they should be done in preschool period. After strabismus surgery, recovery is rapid and patients can return to normal life within 1-2 days. Although strabismus surgery is rarely associated with risks such as infection, hemorrhage, and loss of vision, it is an extremely safe and low-risk operation when performed by experienced eye doctors.

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